The scientific field of applied chemistry deals with understanding chemical theories and various material properties, and utilizing that knowledge to answer questions in the field and to design and implement solutions to issues.

France, officially the French Republic, is a unitary semi-presidential republic located mostly in Western Europe, with several overseas regions and territories.

A Master of Science or MSc is a postgraduate degree typically in the fields of sciences and social sciences. MSc may be course-based, research-based, or a mixture of the two.